Soil samples were collected from fields cultivated with wheat and barley and from spoiled orange, apple fruits and carrot roots to enzyme isolate bacteria producing lytic. Bacterial isolates were screened for enzymes production on selective media containing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or pectin as a sole source for carbon and energy.
Many experiments were carried out to investigate the ability of Ruta graveolens to tolerate heavy metals in vitro and to investigate molecular bases of heavy metals tolerance.
In this study Withania somnifera leaves were collected from gardens of Al-Nahrain University. Then the leaves powder was used to get three type of extracts, each type of Withania extracts (water, ethanol and acetone extract) were subjected to chemical analysis to identify the active compounds in each extract which indicated that alkaloids, glycoside, saponins, flavonoids, fixed oil were present in ethanol, acetone and water extracts, while absent of terpene in water extract and protein in acetone extract, Tannins were not found in all extract types.
