M.Sc.

Periodontal diseases are initiated by microbial plaque, which accumulates in the sulcular region and induces an inflammatory response. Recently, studies found that periodontitis might be related to several systemic diseases especially diabetes mellitus. In recent years, there has been intense interest in the role of the adipose tissue derived substances that named adipokines in the inflammatory diseases of the human being including the inflammatory periodontitis.

       Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder of  multiple etiologies   characterized   by  chronic   hyperglycemia   with  disturbances of  fat and protein metabolism resulting from  defects  in  insulin secretion insulin action or both,  and  mediated in large part by the alteration in adaptive immunity and cytokines.