The calculations of vapor – liquid equilibria for petroleum fractions are important in design and operation of petroleum processing equipment. The most important vapor – liquid calculation for petroleum fractions is well known as the equilibrium flash vaporization curve (EFV).
Heat transport through a corroded carbon steel pipe in a double pipe heat exchanger in which aerated 0.1 N NaCl solution flowing in the annular space has been investigated.
Drag-reduction by the use of minor amount of polymeric additives is by far the most technique to reduce the frictional resistance and to save pumping power for turbulent pipe flow. In the present work, the turbulent drag-reduction effectiveness of polyisobutylene, type oppanol B 250 was studied in a build-up closed loop circulation system at different flowing conditions.The turbulent mode was produced via a positive displacement pump to avoid any shear degradation of polymer chains during the pumping stage.
