Stress analysis of the hip bone

number: 
877
English
Degree: 
Author: 
Huma Mohamed Abdullah
Supervisor: 
Dr. Sadiq J. Abbas
Dr.Akram Abood Jaffar
year: 
2004
Abstract:

Background: The bony pelvis has a major role in weight transmission to the lower limbs. The complexities of its geometric form, material properties, and loading conditions render it an open subject to biomechanical analysis. Objective: The present study deals with area measurement, observation of trabecular pattern, and three-dimensional finite element analysis of the hip bone to investigate magnitudes, load direction, and stress distribution under physiological loading conditions. Materials and methods: Forty adult hip bones were used; in (35) of them, the surface area of the auricular surface, lunate surface, and symphsis pubis were measured using a sheet of dental molding wax. The remaining (5) bones were used for studying the arrangement of trabecular pattern. A solid model was constructed using 3-D studio MAX 5 software. The model was translated into ANSYS parametric design language to be analyzed by finite element method under different loading conditions. Results: The surface areas of the auricular surface, symphsis pubis, and lunate surface were (14.39_2.05cm², 4.46_1.01cm², and 24.63_3.2cm²) respectively. Regression analysis showed a significant positive liner relationship between the auricular surface area and that of the lunate surface. No such correlation was found between the auricular surface and symphsis pubis. The finite element analysis model showed that stresses, using the Von Mises method, were distributed mainly in the acetabulum (anterior, superior and posterior part: 616.2, 299.5, 882.3MPa respectively), auricular surface 1358.23 MPa, and ischial tuberosity 2224.06 MPa, when a 70Kg load was applied. Stresses calculated for loads of 90Kg and 110Kg showed a positive direct proportional increase. Principle stresses indicate that failure occurred in the anterior and posterior surface of the acetabulum as well as in the sacrioiliac joint. Discussion : The statistical analysis of the surface area of the aurticulating surfaces indicate that both the lunate surface and auricular surface are involved in force transmission through the hip bone, while the symphsis pubis is part of the anterior buttressing arch of the articulating pelvis. In addition, area differences indicated that only 49.