In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), sensor nodes perform sensing, processing and relaying operations that consume energy of a sensor node. WSN routing protocols are concerned with forwarding dat332a from the source to destination aiming to better throughput, less delay and less power consumption to extend the network lifetime. Among different WSNs routing protocols, the advantages of network structure classes (flat-based, hierarchical-based, and location-based) routing protocols are considered here to introduce a routing protocol that is suitable for different environments. Two clustering routing protocols; fixed environment protocol called Fixed-environment Location-based Clustering Routing Protocol (FLCRP) and a mixed (fixed or/and mobile) environment called Mixed-environment Location-based Clustering Routing Protocol (MLCRP) are introduced in this thesis. The operation of these protocols depends on the location information of the nodes in clustering and their routing operations, and fixed or mobile BS can be used with these protocols. The performance of the proposed protocols is evaluated and compared with the well-known LEACH and LEACH-C clustering protocols. Different simulation scenarios are considered in evaluating the performance using NS2-Software. The results have shown that the proposed protocols are better than that of LEACH and LEACH-C in terms of average throughput, packet delivery ratio, and average end to end delay in all scenarios but introducing more average jitter. Further, it is found that the proposed protocols consume less energy for relatively small number of nodes (less than 80 nodes). For MLCRP in case of mobility, it is found that as the operation time increases, throughput and packet delivery ratio are reduced, the average end to end delay and average jitter are increased due to the additional overhead required for mobility especially in scenario of 100 nodes in which the average energy consumption is better than the scenario of all fixed nodes. Using mobile BS improves the average throughput and packet delivery ratio of MLCRP-F. The average end to end delay and average jitter of MLCRP in case of mobility are reduced to their half values approximately for different number of nodes.