MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF DISPERSED CERAMIC NANO PARTICLES IN POLYMER COMPOSITE FOR ORTHOPEDIC APPLICATIONS

number: 
3397
English
Degree: 
Author: 
Rowaid Nabeel Yousuf
Supervisor: 
Dr. Abdulrahman Abed
Dr. Ahmed Munim Hasson
year: 
2015

Bone acrylic cement is widely used as a structural material in orthopaedics, dentistry, and orofacial surgery. Although bone cement celebrates four decades of success, it remains susceptible to fatigue fracture. This type of failure can directly lead to implant loosening, revision surgery, and increased healthcare expenditures. In this thesis, the application of mixing and vacuum technique to fabricate bone cement enhance its strength and fatigue performance. Adding small amounts (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%) by weight of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and (2%, 3%, 4%) by weight of hydroxyapatite (HA) nano particles reduces slightly the strength and fatigue life and other mechanical properties of single phase bone cement, due to agglomeration and increasing of porosity, but it still upmost than the required range for orthopedics. MWNTs Outside diameter (20-30) nm, Inside diameter (5-10) nm, Length (10-30) µm are a recently discovered nanomaterial with high surface area to volume ratios (conferring MWNT – bone cement composites with large interfaces for stress transfer). Hydroxylapatite nanoparticles (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 powder has a white appearance and needle morphology and their average size is about 20 nm. (0.5 wt%) MWNTs and (3 wt%) HA has the highest mechanical properties (simple tension, fatigue , compression, and microhardness)  and physical properties (porosity, and topography) in ambient and physiologically relevant to human body conditions by soaking all specimens in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at temperature (37±2)°C which is a simulation fluid with human body fluids and simple tension, compression, microhardness, and fatigue inspections were carried out under this temperature. MWNTs and HA proved to be excellent candidates for improving the clinical performance of bone cement, thereby improving implant longevity and reducing patient risk and healthcare costs. Surface roughness and continuous porosity slightly increase which enhance bone-implant osseointegration and ingrowth.