Vaginal swabs, vaginal washes and blood specimens were collected from 65 women attending the out-patients clinic at Al-Kadhimyia Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, between May 2004 and October 2004, suffering from vaginal discharge and 20 healthy-looking aged matched women were also included. Trichomonas vaginalis was isolated from 25 women with a prevalence rate of 38.5%. After bacteriological cultures were performed for each vaginal swab, 7 cases out of 25 patients (28%) were found to be infected with Candida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis, 6 cases (24%) were infected with Escherichia coll, Staphylococcus aureus, group B streptococci and Lactobacillus. The other 12 cases (48%) were found to harbor T vaginalis in addition to the normal flora of the vagina. The modified Diamond's broth was found to be more sensitive (100%) than the wet mount technique (72%) and the other medium, Diamond's medium (96%). Heparinized blood and sera were collected from these women. Heparinized blood was used for the evaluation of the CD markers using the indirect immunostaining technique. It was found that this parasite has the ability to stimulate the cell-mediated immunity. Three markers were investigated: CD3, CD4, and CDS. The results showed significant differences between the infected women and controls. The cytokines IL-10 and IFN-y were evaluated in sera and vaginal washes using the ELISA technique. There was a significant increase in both cytokines in the infected women. Although both cytokines are increased, a significant difference was found between them.