A cross - sectional study was conducted to find the prevalence of HBsAg carriers state among general population in Al -Najaf governorate A total of ( 2000 ) individuals living in Al - Najaf were screened during the period between the first of October 2003 to the 30th of March 2004 , for the detection of HBsAg. The majority of those carriers were a round ( 30 ) years of age . The total ,prevalence rate was ( 1.7 % ) which is lower than the HBsAg carriers rates detected in general Iraqi people by-many previous studies . In this study the HBsAg carrier state was higher in urban people than rural , and higher among blood donors ( 2.2% ) than other groups ( 1.5 ]. The study include the following groups of population , blood donors (500), acute hepatitis cases ( 269 ), contacts with positive hepatitis B virus cases ( 156 ) , health workers ( 66 ) , surgical personnel ( 113 ) , thalase mic patients ( 56 ) , and apparently healthy population ( 850 ) . They were interviewed directly about age , sex , occupation , residence , previous history of jaundice or contact with jaundiced patients , history of blood transfusion , surgical operation ( s ) , tattooing and ear piercing and many other factors related to HBV infection using apretested questionnaire form Thirty four HBsAg carriers were detected in this study ,among general population and previous hepatitis, eight females ( 1.4% ) , twenty six males (1.8%), but this difference was not statistically significant. It has been found in this study that there is significant effect of a history of contact with positive cases of HBsAg , history of using a septic procedures like tattooing and ear piercing .Other predisposing factor , such as multiple like tattooing and ear piercing .Other predisposing factor, such as multiple blood transfusions like Thalesmia and hemophilia , show no significant associations other risk groups examined including patients and staff of renal dialysis units, doctors , dentists , nursing staff , dressers , & laboratory workers also was not statistically significant.