Synergetic effect of chamomilla recutita callus and flower extracts and surlactin produced by lactobacillus acidophilus on eye infections bacteria in rabbits.+CD

The study included estimating the synergetic effect of Chamomilla recutita callus and flower extracts and surlactin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus on some bacterial types causing eye infections as follows: To study the effect of C. recutita extracts, callus was induced from chamomile seeds, and it was maintained on Murashige and Skoog, 1962 (MS) culture medium supplemented with l.Omg/1 Benzyl Adenin (BA) and O.lmg/12,4-dichlorophynoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Results showed that flower (water and ethanolic) extracts have antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus which cause eye infections. The chemical constituents of these extracts were detected. Results revealed that they contain tannins, phenols, coumarins, flavonoids, resins and glycosides. The results also showed that ethanolic extract of flowers has higher antibacterial activity than water extract against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Callus extracts (ethanolic and water) showed higher antibacterial activity against the same bacterial types. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for the extracts against the tested bacteria. Results showed that ethanolic extract has higher activity than water extract and the results varied according to the bacterial types. Twenty five vaginal swabs from outpatients' healthy women were collected from Kamal Al-Samarai hospital, Baghdad to isolate and identify L. acidophilus from April 2007 to December 2007. Three of the isolates were diagnosed as L. acidophilus which represented 20% of the total number of bacterial isolates, other Lactobacillus types represented 65% (20 isolates), while other bacterial types represented 15%. he ability of L. acidophilus to produce surlactin was detected after measuring its biological activity to inhibit the adhesion of biofilm formed by bacteria (P. aeruginosa) to surfaces using test tube method. It was found that all the isolates were able to produce surlactin but the activity of surlactin varied. Surlactin produced by isolates 1 and 13 was the most effective. Biological applications of surlactin were studied by inhibiting the adhesion of pathogenic cells P. aernginosa producing biofilm on industrial contact lenses. It was found that surlactin has the ability to inhibit the adhesion up to 60% and 55% for the isolates 1 and 13 respectively. Antibacterial activity of surlactin was tested. Results revealed that it does not have this ability. When administrated to rabbit's eyes, chamomile callus ethanolic extract (80mg/ml) had the ability to treat the infection in infected eyes; it also showed antibacterial activity when inoculated into rabbit eyes with infection caused by P. aeruginosa. Surlactin showed an ability to treat the infection in rabbit eyes with P. aeruginosa while it did not show this ability against S. aureus. Additionally, it prevented the infection with P. aeruginosa when administrated to rabbit eyes inoculated with this bacteria only, while it showed no effect against S. aureus. Synergetic effect of surlactin and chamomile ethanolic extract (80mg/ml) cured infections in rabbit eyes inoculated with P. aeruginosa at shorter period of time compared to surlactin and chamomile extract used separately, while they had less effect on S. aureus. Finally, the synergetic effect of chamomile ethanolic extract and surlactin in inhibiting the adhesion of P. aeruginosa to synthetic contact lenses was determined. The inhibition percentage reached 50% when chamomile extract and surlactin extracted from isolate 1 were used, while it reached to 45% when surlactin extracted from isolate 13 and chamomile extract were used.