FRICTION REDUCTION CAUSED BY THE ADDITION OF ADDITIVES INTO A TURBUIENT FLOW

Carboxy methyl cellulose, two anionic surfactants, Sodium stearate,Sodium lauryl sulfate and suspended clay as drag reducers have been investigated in this work, to reduce the frictional resistance and to save pumping power for turbulent pipe flow. The turbulent mode was produced via a positive displacement gear pump to avoid mechanical degradation of additives chains during the experimental period.
The effect of additives concentration was investigated ranging between (50 – 300 ppm) for polymer and surfactant and (500 – 5000 ppm) for suspended solid in flowing water, at flow rate 3 to 6 m 3 / hr and Reynolds number (20000-70000) in two pipes 1.25 and 2 inch I.D pipe with roomtemperature .It is also desired to investigate the effectiveness for both Sodiumstearate (SS) and Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) surfactants by adding of CMC.It was noticed that a gradual increase in percentage drag reduction was observed by increase the percentage CMC in additive mixture with both SS and SLS surfactants. 
Despite the technique was established in two consequence steps which Despite the technique was established in two consequence steps which are, the addition of amounts of solid particles that can be suspended in liquid water, these suspension may be used as drag reducing agents. After that the other step is established by the addition of quantities of certain polymer (CMC) with three different concentrations (100,200 and 300 ppm) at the same flowing condition the addition of CMC improve the percentage of drag reduction was suspensions.