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One hundred and thirty bacterial isolates were collected and identified (from 74 female and 56 male) and thirty Staphylococcus aureus isolates were obtained from the overall isolates. Seventy-four isolates (from 17 femal and 13 male). The thirty S. aureus isolates tested for antibiotic sensitivity, 93.3% of them found to be resistant for Cefotaxime. While, 83.3% showed resistance for Carbenicillin, 83.3% for Tetracycline, 80% for Gentamicin, 50% for Cephalexin, 33.3% for Fusidic acid, 30% for Chloramphenicol, 30% for Bacitracin, 20% for Vancomycin, 20% for Streptomycin and 3.3% of isolates resist Imipenem while, there was no resistance found for Amicacin. S. aureus isolates also showed multiple antibiotic resistance. Such that, two isolates were resist two types of antibiotics. Five isolates were resist three types of antibiotics. Four isolates were resist four types of antibiotics. Seven isolates were resist five types of antibiotics. Three isolates were resist six types of antibiotics. Five isolates were resist seven types of antibiotics. Only one isolate was resist eight types of antibiotics. Three isolates were resist nine types of antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentration of thirty S. aureus isolates were determined for four types of antibiotics, which were Teracycline, Gentamicin, Cefotaxime and Penicillin-G, 83.3% of the isolates were resisting Tetracycline at concentrations ranged between (32µg/ml-256µg/ml), 80% of the isolates were resisting Gentamicin at concentrations ranged between (16µg/ml-64µg/ml), 93.3% of the isolates were resisting Cefotaxime at concentrations ranged between (64µg/ml-256µg/ml), 80% of the isolates were resisting Penicillin-G at concentrations ranged between (64µg/ml-512µg/ml). Resistance of S. aureus isolates heavy metals ions were tested; 93.3% of isolates found to be resistant for Cobalt ions (Co2+) at concentrations ranged between (0.02-1.28 mg/ml), 86.6% resisted Zinc ions (Zn2+) at concentrations ranged between (0.16-2 mg/ml), 86.6% resisted Mercury ions (Hg2+) at concentrations ranged between (0.005-0.04 mg/ml). While, 83.3% of isolates resisted Cadmium ions (Cd2+) at concentrations ranged between (0.01-0.16 mg/ml) and
When multiple resistance for heavy metals were tested, 60% of isolates found to be resistant for Zn, Co, Cd and Hg ions in duadruple resistance. Regarding triple resistance Zn,Co and Cd were resisted by 13.3% of S. aureus isolates. 10% of bacterial isolates resisted Zn,Co and Hg ions, while (Zn, Cd and Hg) and (Co, Cd and Hg) multiple resistance found in 3.3% of the tested S. aureus isolates. Regarding double resistance; 6.6% of isolates resisted Co and Hg, 3.3% resisted Cd and Hg, while (Zn and Co), (Zn and Cd), (Co and Cd) and (Zn and Hg) double resistance were not found for all S. aureus isolates. In addition, single resistance for only one heavy metal was not found.present resultes revealed a relationship between antibiotic and heavy metal resistance; i.e. 94.4% of quadruple heavy metal resistance of S. aureus isolates resisted (64-256µg/ml) of Cefotaxime, 94.4% resisted (32-256µg/ml) of Tetracycline, 88.8% of the isolates resisted (16-64µg/ml) of Gentamicin, and 88.8% of them resisted (64-512µg/ml) of Penicillin-G.Ethidium bromide was used as a curing agent with freshly growing S. aureus to study resistance features link with antibiotic and heavy metal resistance. Results showed two groups of cured colonies, group lost resistance to Zinc, Cobalt, Cadmium, Penicillin-G and Tetracycline. While, The second group lost their resistance to Zinc, Cobalt, Cadmium, Penicillin-G, Cefotaxime and Tetracycline, these results could indicates the presence of more than one type of plasmids. On the other hand, all the cured colonies still showing the resistance to Gentamicin and Mercury, it could be concluded that these markers are not located on plasmids and may be located on chromosomal DNA or on
